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Understanding the Four Key Areas of SEND

Writer's picture: Jayde ConwayJayde Conway


At Sign and Bloom, inclusivity is at the heart of everything we do, so understanding the diverse needs of children and young people is fundamental to creating an environment where everyone can thrive.


Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) are categorised into four broad areas as outlined in the SEND Code of Practice.


Each area helps us understand the unique challenges an individual may face and ensures the right support is in place.





1. Communication and Interaction

This area includes difficulties with speech, language, and social communication, such as understanding spoken language, forming sentences, or interacting with others.

It also encompasses conditions like autism, where social communication can be a key challenge.


How we support this:

  • Makaton training: We teach Makaton to make communication accessible for all. By integrating signs and symbols with speech, we enable children to express themselves more effectively.

  • Inclusive activities: Mak the Bear leads fun and engaging activities designed to develop interaction and build confidence.


2. Cognition and Learning

Children with cognition and learning difficulties may learn at a slower pace, struggle with memory, or have specific learning challenges such as dyslexia or dyscalculia.


How we support this:

  • Practical strategies: We offer training and resources to support understanding and retention, tailored to individual needs.

  • Engaging environments: We focus on creating sensory-friendly, stimulating spaces to make learning enjoyable and accessible.


3. Social, Emotional, and Mental Health (SEMH)

This area covers challenges like anxiety, low self-esteem, attachment issues, or behavioural difficulties. Children with SEMH needs may find it hard to manage emotions, build relationships, or cope with change.


How we support this:

  • Calm and welcoming settings: Our sessions prioritise emotional well-being, with activities designed to boost confidence and self-regulation.

  • Empathy and understanding: We emphasise the importance of empathy in our training to ensure all practitioners are equipped to support emotional needs.


4. Sensory and/or Physical Needs

This includes difficulties with vision, hearing, or physical mobility, as well as sensory processing challenges. Children and adults in this category may need specific aids or adjustments to fully participate.


How we support this:

  • Accessible resources: From visual aids to sensory tools, we ensure that all activities are inclusive and adaptive.

  • Specialist training: We provide guidance on creating inclusive environments that accommodate sensory and physical needs.


Why This Matters?

Understanding these four areas helps us provide better support and empowers each individual to reach their full potential.


At Sign and Bloom, we’re passionate about making communication and learning accessible, whether through Makaton training, inclusive workshops, or simply raising awareness, we’re here to help navigate your journey.


If you’d like to learn more about how we can support your setting or family, please get in touch.


Together, we can create a world where everyone’s voice is heard and valued!


What are your thoughts on the four areas of SEND? Have you found creative ways to support these needs in your own setting or family home? Let us know in the comments!



 
 
 

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